A. Philip Randolph (1889-1979) was a leader in the Civil Rights Movement, the American labor movement, and socialist political parties. In 1925, he organized and led the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, the first predominantly-black labor union. In the early Civil Rights Movement and the Labor Movement, Randolph was a voice that would not be silenced. His continuous agitation with the support of fellow labor rights activists against unfair labor practices against people of color eventually led President Franklin D. Roosevelt to issue Executive Order 8802 in 1941. The order banned discrimination in the defense industries during World War II. The group then successfully pressured President Harry S. Truman to issue Executive Order 9981 in 1948, ending segregation in the armed services. In 1963, Randolph was the head of the March on Washington. He also inspired the "Freedom Budget", sometimes called the "Randolph Freedom budget", which aimed to deal with the economic problems facing the black community.

Variant illustrated: Associated Press ID #63082811305

Ferrotyped prints have a sensitive surface, usually shiny and thinner, because they are put through a press while still wet. Ferrotyping makes the surface of the photograph smoother. Light does not scatter as much on a smoother surface, so this increases contrast. That makes ferrotyped images better for press photography.

This object has the following keywords:

• A. Philip Randolph
• Abraham Lincoln
• Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters
• Civil Rights Movements
• Injustice
• Lincoln Memorial
• Racial Discrimination
• Washington DC

• Image Dimensions: 7 1/2 x 6 1/8 in. (19.05 x 15.56 cm) Measured by Hudson, Karen
• Sheet Dimensions: 7 13/16 x 6 9/16 in. (19.84 x 16.67 cm) Measured by Hudson, Karen