James Farmer, black Civil Rights leader, predicted in New York that there will be more segregation before there is less. The black migration to the big cities of the North has forged segregated patterns in those areas, Farmer declared. Segregated housing patterns must break, he emphasized, before real integration can take place in the nation's schools.

James Farmer (1920-1999) was a Civil Rights activist and leader in the Civil Rights Movement who pushed for nonviolent protest to dismantle segregation. He served alongside Martin Luther King, Jr. Farmer was the initiator and organizer of the 1961 Freedom Ride, which eventually led to the desegregation of interstate transportation in the United States. In 1942, Farmer co-founded the Committee of Racial Equality in Chicago with George Houser and Bernice Fisher. It was later called the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE), and it was dedicated to ending racial segregation in the United States through nonviolence.

On verso: typewritten title, date stamp and newspaper caption affixed.

Wire photographs were originally transmitted over phonelines, then later, by satellite. They were first used in the early 1920s. Associated Press became a leader with this. After pigment touch-ups, etc., the print is put into a drum (like a drum scanner). The image gets converted into audio tones that are transmitted. The tones are received and beamed onto photo-sensitive paper. Wire photographs are copies without originals---they are hybrid, transmitted objects. (Britt Salvesen, Curator and Department Head, Photography Department, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, March 30-31, 2022)

This object has the following keywords:

• Black migration
• Civil Rights Movements
• Desegregation
• Education
• Housing
• Injustice
• James Farmer
• James Farmer
• Male Portraits
• Racial Discrimination
• Schools
• Segregation

• Image Dimensions: 7 1/16 x 8 5/16 in. (17.94 x 21.11 cm) Measured by Cornejo-Reynoso, Aitzin
• Sheet Dimensions: 7 11/16 x 8 7/16 in. (19.53 x 21.43 cm) Measured by Cornejo-Reynoso, Aitzin